|
KMID : 1011420160210040385
|
|
Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
2016 Volume.21 No. 4 p.385 ~ p.392
|
|
|
Changes in Heterophoria and Fusional Vergence after Near Work with Smartphone and Paper Book
|
|
Kim Ji-Hye
Yang Dong-Jun
Choi Da-Young
Kim So-Ra
Park Mi-Jung
|
|
|
Abstract
|
|
|
Purpose: The present study aimed to investigate the changes in heterophoria and fusional vergence by media type of near work.
Methods: Adults in their twenties (26 males and 4 females, mean age 24.8±1.8 years) with a corrected visual acuity of 1.0 or better were asked to read a paper book and smartphone under the same condition for 30 minutes. The horizontal heterophria, vertical heterophoria, PFV(positive fusional vergence) and NFV(negative fusional vergence) were measured before and after near work with paper book and VDT work with smartphone.
Results: The exophoric shift was shown by significant decrease of heterophoria in exophoric eyes after reading a paper book. Horizontal heterophoria was significantly decreased in all three type of exophoria, orthophoria and esophoria after reading with smartphone. Vertical heterophoria was not significantly changed regardless of the media type of near work. There was no significant change in the PFV and NFV after reading a paper book however, there was a significant decrease in the PFV after VDT work with smartphone.
Conclusions: It was found that smartphone use induced the change of visual function since changes in heterophoria and vergence function was observed after VDT work using smartphone. Therefore, it is suggested that the appropriate guideline for smartphone use is necessary for maintaining the visual function.
|
|
|
KEYWORD
|
|
|
Paper book, Smartphone, Reading, VDT, Horizontal heterophoria, Vertical heterophoria, Positive fusional vergence, Negative fusional vergence
|
|
|
FullTexts / Linksout information
|
|
|
|
|
|
Listed journal information
|
|
|